Laboratory Testing

Protective treatments

AMT Labs conducts a variety of tests to evaluate the effectiveness of protective treatments – the tests that we conduct depend on project goals and performance requirements, conditions, and the project budget. Test results help the architect, contractor, or building owner select the most effective treatments and rule out adverse effects.

Adhesion
Adhesion tests are conducted on paint and other film-forming coatings. Based on ASTM D 3359, adhesion tests are conducted following removal of tape that is applied to a scored area.

Adverse effects
Adverse effects such as yellowing, blushing, blistering, peeling, etc. are visually evaluated by comparing a treated sample to an untreated sample.

Color/gloss enhancement
Color enhancement (darkening) and changes in gloss are instrumentally evaluated following treatment.

Depth of penetration
The penetration depth of the conservation treatment is measured to rule out crust formation that is associated with accelerated deterioration.

Graffiti resistance example
Graffiti resistance
This evaluation compares the effectiveness of graffiti resistant coatings in preventing staining from enamel spray paint and permanent marker graffiti agents. Removal of the graffiti agents with chemical cleaning products is attempted 24 hours after application of the graffiti agents. Comparison of graffiti removal from treated and untreated surfaces is used to determine percent effectiveness.

Phillips microabrasion
Based on ASTM 418 Abrasion Resistance of Concrete by Sandblasting, the test is conducted using an SS White Airbrasive Unit and fine alumina powder. Weight loss following microabrasive blasting is measured for treated and untreated samples.

QUV artificial weathering
Exposure in a QUV Weatherometer is designed to replicate exterior weathering conditions at an accelerated rate. Treated and untreated samples are exposed for 500 or 1000 hours to alternate cycles of ultraviolet light and 60°C temperatures and cooler, moist, and dark conditions at 20-30°C. Color change following artificial weathering is visually evaluated.

Slip resistance
Based on ASTM C 1028, slip resistance testing is conducted on treatments designed for horizontal surfaces. This test evaluates the static coefficient of friction (SCOF) using a Dynamometer pullmeter with a weighted Neolite heel attachment. Slip resistance testing generally is conducted on wet and dry surfaces. Read more about slip resistance testing

Stain resistance
Several staining agents are applied to treated and untreated masonry samples. Surface beading of each staining agent is rated. Following several dwell periods, the surfaces are cleaned and allowed to dry. Visual evaluation of treated and untreated surfaces is used to determine percent removal of each staining agent.
Water absorption
Water absorption over several time periods is measured for treated samples. Percent effectiveness is determined by comparing these data with water absorption data measured for untreated samples.

RILEM tube test
RILEM tube test
RILEM water absorption tube testing is used to evaluate the performance of protective treatments. A 5.0 ml tube is used for brick and natural stone substrates; a 60mph tube is used for concrete block. View the RILEM tube test procedure

Water vapor transmission
Water vapor transmission of treated and untreated samples is measured over a 10-day period. Results are compared to determine the reduction in water vapor transmission following conservation treatment.